Entrepreneurship and business ethics

Entrepreneurship (UK: Entrepreneurship) is the process of identifying, mengembangkaan, and bring the vision to life. It could be a vision of innovative ideas, opportunities, a better way in doing something. The end result of this process is the creation of new businesses formed in conditions of risk or uncertainty.
Entrepreneurship has a different meaning among the experts or sources of reference for different center of gravity and emphasis (1). Richard Cantillon (1775), for example, defines entrepreneurship as the work itself (self-employment). An entrepreneur currently buy at a certain price and sell it in the days to come up with an uncertain price. So the definition is more emphasis on how a person at risk or uncertainty. In contrast to Cantillon, according to Penrose (1963) includes indentfikasi entrepreneurial activity opportunities in the economic system, while according to Harvey Leibenstein (1968, 1979) entrepreneurship includes activities required to create or perform any company at the market yet or have not been clearly identified , or components of the production function is not known completely. People who perform entrepreneurial activities called wirausahawan.Muncul question why an entrepreneur (entrepreneur) has a different way of thinking of human beings in general. They have the motivation, call the soul, perceptions and emotions are strongly associated with the values, attitudes and behaviors as a superior human being.
Etymology
Entrepreneurship is derived from the entrepreneurial and business. Wira means warrior, hero, human excellence, exemplary, virtuous, brave and noble character. Business is an act of charity, work, and do something. So entrepreneurship is a warrior or a hero who does something.
History of entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship has historically been known since it was introduced by Richard Castillon in 1755. Abroad, the term entrepreneurship has been known since the 16th century, while in Indonesia, came into vogue in the late 20th century. Some terms such as self-employment in the Netherlands dikenadengan ondernemer, in Germany known as unternehmer. Entrepreneurship education started since the 1950s in some countries such as Europe, America, and Canada. Even since the 1970s many universities that teach entrepreneurship or small business management. In the 1980s, nearly 500 schools in the United States to provide education kewirausahaan.DI Indonesia, a new study of entrepreneurship is limited to some particular school or college course. In line with the developments and challenges like the economic crisis, an understanding of entrepreneurship both through formal education and training in all walks of entrepreneurship to flourish.
Entrepreneurial process
According to Carol Noore cited by Bygrave, beginning with the entrepreneurial process of innovation. Innovation is dipengeruhi by various factors both from private and out of personal, such as education, sociology, organization, culture and environment. These factors form the'' locus of control'', creativity, keinovasian, implementation, and growth then berkembangan be a great entrepreneur. Internally, keinovasian bersal influenced by factors of the individual, such as locus of control, tolerance, values, education, experience. While environmental factors that influence comes from such role models, activities, and opportunities. Therefore, it evolved into an entrepreneurial innovations are influenced by environmental processes, organizations, and families.
Stages of the entrepreneurial
In general, the stages of doing entrepreneurship:
Start-up phase
Stage where a person who intends to conduct business necessary to prepare everything, beginning with a new look at business opportunities that may be whether a new business, make acquisitions, or franchising''''. This stage also choose the type of business to be conducted if the agriculture, industry, or services.
Stage of business conduct
In this stage of an entrepreneur to manage the various aspects associated with its business, including the following aspects: finance, human resources, ownership, organization, leadership, including how to take risks and make decisions, marketing, and evaluation.
Stage to maintain the business
Stage where the entrepreneur is based on the results achieved to analyze progress achieved to be followed up in accordance with the conditions encountered.
Stages of developing a business
The stage where if the results obtained classified as positive or have developed or be able to survive the expansion of business into one of the options that may be taken.
Motivational factors of entrepreneurship
The characteristics of successful entrepreneurs:
 Have a clear vision and purpose. This serves to guess where the pace and direction of the target locations to determine the steps to be undertaken by the employer.
 Initiative and always proactive. This is a fundamental characteristic in which the entrepreneur is not just waiting for something to happen, but first start and look for opportunities as a pioneer in various activities.
 oriented on achievement. Successful entrepreneurs are always chasing a better performance than previous achievements. Product quality, services provided, as well as customer satisfaction is a major concern. Every time a business carried on all the activities are evaluated and must always be better than ever.
 Dare to take risks. This is a trait that should be owned by a businessman anytime and anywhere, either in money or time.
 Work hard. Entrepreneurs working hours are not limited to time, where there are opportunities in which he came. Sometimes an entrepreneur is hard to organize their work time. His mind is always thinking about the progress of his efforts. New ideas are always working hard pushed to make it happen. There are no hard and said no problem that can not be resolved.
 Responsible for all activities that executable, either now or in the future. The responsibility of an employer not only in material terms, but also moral to various parties.
 Commitment to various parties.
 Develop and maintain good relationships with various parties, both of which deal directly with the business carried on or not. Good relationships that need to run, among others to: our customers, governments, suppliers, and society at large.
Entrepreneurial attitude
From the list of character traits and characteristics of an entrepreneur in the above, we can identify the attitude of an entrepreneur that can be removed from everyday activities, as follows:
 Discipline
In carrying out its activities, an entrepreneur must have a high discipline. The meaning of the word discipline itself is the accuracy of the entrepreneur's commitment and job duties. The accuracy is meant to be comprehensive, the accuracy of the time, the quality of work, work systems and so on. The accuracy of the time, can be fostered in a person with trying to complete the work in accordance with the planned time. Properties are often put off the work with a variety of reasons, are obstacles that could hamper an entrepreneur's success. Discipline of the commitment of the quality of the work can be fostered by the entrepreneur's commitment to the observance. Entrepreneurs must obey the principle. This will be achieved if the entrepreneur has a high discipline of the working system has been set. Observance of the agreements would entrepreneur who made an example of discipline in the quality of work and employment systems.
 Commitment to High
Commitment is an agreement on something made by someone, either to himself or others. In carrying out its activities, an entrepreneur must have a clear commitment, focus and be progressive (progress-oriented). Commitment to self-identification can be made with the ideals, expectations and targets set out in his life. While the example of an entrepreneur's commitment to others, especially customers is excellent service-oriented customer satisfaction, product quality according to the price of products offered, the solution to the problems of consumers, and entrepreneurs sebagainya.Seorang terhadapkonsumen steadfast to its commitment, will have a good reputation in the eyes entrepreneur is ultimately consumers who will gain the trust of consumers, the impact of increasing the purchase and eventually reached the target company is expected to earn profits.
 Honest
Honesty is a moral foundation that is sometimes overlooked by a wirausahawan.Kejujuran in behavior are complex. Honesty about the characteristics of products (goods and services) on offer, made on the promotion of honesty, honesty about the promised post-sale service and honesty on all activities related to the sale of products that do olehwirausahawan.
 Creative and Innovative
To win the competition, then an entrepreneur must have the power of creativity. Creativity should be based on a forward thinking, full of new ideas that are different from products that have been around for this in the market. Creative ideas that can not usually be limited by space, shape, or time. Often precisely genius ideas yangmemberikan new breakthroughs in business initially was based on creative ideas that seem impossible.
 Independent
Someone said to be "independent" if the person wishes to do well without any dependence on other parties dalammengambil decision or act, including earning his living, without any reliance by other parties. Independence is an absolute nature to be possessed by an entrepreneur. In principle, an entrepreneur should have an independent attitude in meeting their business activities.
 Realistic
Someone is realistic if the person is able to use the facts / reality as the basis for rational thought in any decision-making and actions / deeds. Many a would-be entrepreneurs are potentially high, but it will eventually fail because the entrepreneur is not realistic, objective and rational decision-making in business. Because it takes intelligence in making the selection of input / brainstorming existing close links with the success rate of efforts being initiated.

ANO ENTREPRENEURS

Entrepreneurs (English: entrepreneurs) is clever or talented people to recognize the new product, determine how the new production, preparing for the operation of the procurement of new products, marketing, operations and manage capital.
Understanding
Entrepreneurs to create a new business in the face of risks and uncertainties for the purpose of achieving profit and growth by identifying significant opportunities and resources needed .. Great Dictionary of Language Indonesi (KBBI) defines entrepreneurs as "people who are good or talented identify new products, develop new ways of producing, preparing for the operation of the procurement of new products, manage capital operations, and marketing it. Meanwhile, Louis Jacques Filion described the entrepreneur as an imaginative person, which is characterized by its ability to set goals and reach those goals. It also has a high awareness to find opportunities and make decisions. The equation of sense - the sense is that entrepreneurs have and be able to think creatively, imaginatively, see opportunities and create new business. An entrepreneur is a manager, but additional activities are not carried out all the managers. Managers work in a more formal management hierarchy, with authority and responsibility are clearly defined while the employers using the network rather than from formal authority.
Myth
Myths about entrepreneurs he says entrepreneurs are actors, not a thinker. Often they are a very methodical so that their action plan carefully. They are born, not created. Today, recognition Adiscipline EAS helps to eliminate this myth. Like all disciplines, entrepreneurs have a model, process, and the case that allows topics to be studied.
 They are the inventors, such as Ray Kroc, was not he who finds food franchise, but innovative ideas to the rest of the world's largest membuatMcDonalds.
 They are freaks of academic and social development, the belief that entrepreneurs are academics and socialization is not successful due to some business owners who started a successful company after dropping out of school or quit work but are no longer viewed as such, is now seen as a professional.
 The orientation of the entrepreneur is money, money is a resource but never a final destination.
 All need luck, if luck was really in the right place at the right time will always generate a profit. But luck happens when preparation meets opportunity.
 Entrepreneurs are extreme risk takers (gamblers), in contrast to work with calculated risks. The most successful entrepreneurs to work hard through the planning and preparation to minimize the risks involved in order to better control the destiny of their vision.

Difference
Among entrepreneurs with other professions:
Advantages - advantages of, namely:
1. Opportunity to make dreams come true.
2. Opportunity to create change.
3. To reach your full potential.
4. To reap impressive gains.
5. To contribute to the community and gain recognition for your efforts.
6. Can do what they like and have fun.

Disadvantages that, namely:
1. Income uncertainty, establishing and running a business does not provide a guarantee will get enough money to survive.
2. The risk of losing the entire investment, small business failure rate is relatively high.
3. Long working hours and work hard, dun & Surveys bradsheet surveyed, 65% of entrepreneurs to devote his time of 40 hours or more each week for their company.
4. Lower quality of life until the business is established.
5. Complex responsibilities, many employers are required to make decisions on issues outside the realm of science.
6. Desperate, desperate need of dedication, discipline, and tenacity to overcome them.

Attitude
Attitudes are common, namely:
1. The desire to preference liability for the greater risk, the entrepreneur does not take into account the risk in the wild but in advance of risk to be taken.
2. Confidence in their ability to succeed. Usually have a self belief in their ability to succeed.
3. The desire for immediate results.
4. High levels of energy, more energetic than the average person.
5. Orientation towards the future. Future-oriented, entrepreneurs are less concerned with what they have done today compared to what they will do tomorrow.
6. Expertise in the organization, know how to put the right people at the right place.
7. It effectively creates synergy between people and jobs, thus allowing entrepreneurs to realize their vision into reality.
8. Value for money achievements.
To be
Digging yourself
The key for entrepreneurs is to identify people by looking at a person's character, especially on things that become a habit, a natural and well done. Each of us, have a composition of a certain character that makes us, as it is. We use words to describe the theme of character elements that make up the composition of the character. The theme is the beginning of Knowing KarakterSeseorang. Character is the core theme, such as the center snowball gathering more snow as it rolls down the hill. He gathered knowledge and experience in the process. The characters forming the theme of knowledge and experience in a related area. When someone with creativity as the dominant theme of character, will have a better ability to cope with situations that require adaptation and change compared to the character that has a theme with a lower creativity. Life experience can develop and strengthen the theme of character, but can also reduce it. Education and training also provides the shape and size of a snowball, the importance of knowing the theme of our character can not be underestimated otherwise the sooner we know it would be better. The entrepreneur has six main themes that shape the character of the acronym:
F (Focus) to focus,
A (Advantage) for profit,
C (Creativity) for creativity,
E (Ego) for the ego,
T (Team) for the team,
S (Social) for the social.
Starting a business
There are four subcategories become entrepreneurs:
1. Inventor, defines the concept, unique, new, discovery or methodology
2. Innovator, applying a new technology or methodology to solve new problems.
3. Marketers, to identify needs in the marketplace and fill it with new products or product substitution is more efficient.
4. Opportunist, basically a broker, brokers, who match the needs of the service provided and the commission.
Ability Required
Skills required by entrepreneurs can be grouped into three main areas: technical skills such as writing, listening, oral presentations, organizing, coaching, working in teams, and technical know-how (know-how), keterampilanmanajemen businesses including those in the starting , develop, and manage the company. Skills in decision making, marketing, management, finance, accounting, production, control, and negotiation is also very important in building and developing new business. Last skill involves entrepreneurial skills. Some of these skills, distinguish entrepreneurs from managers, including discipline, risk takers, innovative, determined, visionary leadership, and change-oriented.
Common errors and solutions
Here are ten common mistakes often made by entrepreneurs, at the beginning of its business:
1. Managing errors in
2. Lack of Experience
Small business managers need to have experience if they want to develop their business.
3. Lack of Financial Controls
Successful businesses require proper financial control.
4. Weak marketing efforts,
Consumers to build a sustainable increase takes effort, continuous marketing and creative. The slogan, customers will automatically come up, almost never happened.
5. Failure to Develop a Strategic Plan.
Fail to plan, means failure to survive.
6. Growth Not Controlled
Growth is a natural, healthy and wanted by every company. However, it must be planned and controlled. Management expert Peter Drucker says new companies to estimate any increase in capital growth is only 40 to 50 percent of sales.
7. Lack of Strategic Locations
Choosing the right location is part art and part science. Often, the location of selected businesses without proper research, investigation, and planning.
8. Bad Goods Inventory Control
Inventory control is one of managerial responsibility that is often overlooked.
9. Price is Right
Setting the right price so as to produce the expected benefits requires business owners to understand how much it costs to make, memaasarkan and distribute goods and services.
10. The inability of the Transition Create Entreprenurial
Once started, the growth will occur, usually requires a very different management styles. Growth requires the entrepreneur to delegate authority and does not handle - the daily operations - something that can not be done by him.
Here are the solutions to overcome them:
1. Know the business in depth.
2. Develop a thorough business plan.
3. Manage finances.
4. Understanding financial statements.
5. Learn to manage people effectively.
6. Take care of your condition.